Part A (Q4): Discuss meaning of Social Groups.

A social group is a fundamental concept in sociology. It consists of two or more individuals who regularly interact with one another, share similar characteristics, and possess a collective sense of unity.

Mere physical proximity does not constitute a social group (e.g., people waiting at a bus stop are an aggregate, not a group). To be a social group, there must be:

1. Interaction: Members must have patterned, ongoing interaction.
2. Interdependence: The actions of one member affect the others.
3. Shared Identity: Members must identify themselves as part of the group and recognize each other as members (the "we-feeling").
4. Shared Norms and Goals: Members share common expectations regarding behavior and pursue similar objectives.

Social groups are broadly classified by sociologists like C.H. Cooley into Primary Groups (small, intimate, face-to-face relationships like family and close friends) and Secondary Groups (large, impersonal, goal-oriented associations like a corporation or a university class).