Part A (Q3): Define practical and strategic gender needs.

This concept was popularized by Caroline Moser to distinguish between the immediate survival needs of women and the long-term goal of gender equality.

1. Practical Gender Needs (PGNs): These are the immediate, short-term needs women identify in their socially accepted roles in society (usually related to reproduction and domestic work).

• Focus: Survival and daily living.
• Examples: Provision of clean water, healthcare clinics, food subsidies, or childcare facilities.
• Impact: Meeting PGNs improves women's living conditions but does not challenge the underlying patriarchal structure or gender inequality.

2. Strategic Gender Needs (SGNs): These are long-term needs formulated by analyzing women's subordination to men. Meeting these needs requires fundamentally changing power structures and gender roles.

• Focus: Empowerment, equality, and structural change.
• Examples: Legal rights to own land, equal pay for equal work, abolishing domestic violence, and ensuring political representation.
• Impact: Meeting SGNs empowers women and permanently transforms the unequal power relations between men and women.